It's the appliance that never sleeps. Your fridge is one of the few electrical items in your house that's always on, so it's pretty important that its energy use is easy on the planet and on your wallet.
And while energy efficiency ratings have been looking better and better over the past few decades, unfortunately these improvements have occasionally led to poor temperature control in refrigerators, which can also affect your back pocket. So it's important to do your research before deciding on the best fridge for you.
On this page:
- What makes a more efficient fridge?
- How much a year does a fridge cost to run?
- Most energy efficient fridge types
- How much does your fridge cost you?
- Signs of poor energy efficiency
- How to reduce fridge energy consumption
- Fluctuating costs
- Check your new fridge is really new
- Refrigerants: Good gasses and bad gasses
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What makes a more efficient fridge?
Energy efficiency is an important consideration when choosing a fridge because your fridge is responsible for around 8% of your total household energy consumption. Opting for an efficient fridge will translate to big savings.
While larger fridges will use more energy overall than smaller ones, the energy star ratings help you compare relative energy efficiency. Choose the fridge with more stars when deciding between two similar sized models because it will cost you less to run.
How much less? Here's the difference in running costs for 385-litre fridges with different energy star ratings in kilowatt hours:
| 4 stars | 3.5 stars | 2 stars | 1 star | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy consumption | 310kWh | 346kWh | 437kWh | 559kWh |
| 10-year running cost | $1181 | $1331 | $1664 | $2128 |
How much a year does a fridge cost to run?
The star rating will tell you how your fridge performs based on its size, but the number on the energy rating label gives you the raw figures, which may be more useful.
Multiplying this number by your energy cost per kilowatt hour will give you an estimate of what it will cost you per year to run your fridge:
- Your energy costs 40 cents per kilowatt hour
- The fridge uses 400 kilowatt hours per year
- Your fridge is going to cost $160 a year to run ($0.40 x 400 kilowatt hours)
- This works out at $1600 over your fridge's 10-year estimated lifetime.
Most energy efficient fridge types
It's not only the star rating of course, running cost is impacted by the size and type of fridge. The below table gives you an average of each type of fridge, whether French Door, Side by Side or the traditional Top and Bottom Mount fridges.
| Fridge type | Average purchase price | Average running cost per year | Average 10-year running cost |
| French door | $3213 | $211 | $2107 |
| Side by side | $2252 | $241 | $2413 |
| Bottom mount | $1984 | $157 | $1573 |
| Top mount | $1090 | $156 | $1560 |
| Single door | $1559 | $116 | $1160 |
How much does your fridge cost you?
When we test fridges, we measure how much energy they use to keep cool, as well as how much energy it takes to chill and freeze fresh items, so you can work out how much extra the appliance is likely to add to your bills before you buy.
We've pulled this information together into a handy fridge freezer running costs tool, so you can check the model you're interested in before you buy.
Signs of poor energy efficiency
Some fridges save on energy by having longer periods where the compressor is off, which causes the temperatures inside to fluctuate. Ice cream is a good indicator of temperature fluctuation, as it can partially melt during the off cycle and then form gritty crystals when it refreezes.
While you have some control over temperature settings, you have no control over large temperature fluctuations (when the compressor stops and starts) or poor temperature uniformity.
Poor uniformity may mean an average 3°C in the fresh food compartment, but more than 5°C in other parts like the door shelf. This can result in milk going off much faster than you'd expect.
If you want to know more about how different fridges on the market perform, check out our fridge reviews – they'll tell you all you need to know about the temperature performance of popular models.
How to reduce fridge energy consumption
What happens to the fridge temperature whenever you open the fridge door? Well, much of the cold air that's been building up inside the fridge starts to fall out.
Think of the fridge as being full of water, and each time you open the door, the water (or cold air) falls out onto the ground. Then, when you close the door, the fridge needs to build up that cold air again by using more energy.
If you have a teenager or someone who loves to just open the fridge and stare into it for ages, wishing a particular food was there or slowly making up their mind about what to plunder (every home has one), they're making it that much harder for the fridge to fill up the cold air again, costing you money.
Look at the long-term running costs as being part of the purchase price of the fridge – they may even come to dwarf the purchase price itself over time.
Keep your fridge at the right temperatures to make sure you don't use excessive energy. Your fresh food should be kept between 0°C and 4°C. This will make sure that your fresh food lasts as long as possible so you don't waste food.
Your freezer should be kept at -18°C. Any colder and it costs too much energy, but any warmer and it starts to mean your frozen food won't last as long as it should.
Fluctuating costs
In one round of fridge reviews, we opened and closed three fridges of various sizes to see what kind of fluctuations would occur and get an idea of just how much more energy you use when you open the fridge door. Using conservative experiments, we found an increase of 5–14% in running costs.
Some manufacturers have also carried out similar experiments, claiming a 40% increase. That means an extra $500 in energy bills over 10 years of running your fridge, which you could've spent on food instead.
While this isn't a case for putting a padlock on the fridge, when you're planning your meal or thinking about grabbing a cold drink, try to do it quickly and efficiently, keeping door open times to a minimum.
Check your new fridge is really new
When shopping for a new fridge, most people assume it is exactly that – new. However, it's not unheard of to have a fridge sit in a warehouse or on the shop floor for months or even years before it's sold. Who knows how many times it's been moved around, knocked about or even damaged in that time?
It's not impossible to check the manufacture date of a fridge before buying it, but it can involve a bit of sleuthing as it's often encoded solely for manufacturer use.
For instance, out of six fridges we tested, there were three that had the date inside their door in the format of a serial number. The first digit represents the year and the next two the week in that year the fridge was manufactured.
Most people are unlikely to look for the label of the fridge to check it. Even if the coding can be clearly seen, that's only going to help if you're purchasing the floor sample.
If you're unhappy with the date on the model delivered, you may want to query the retailer and ask for a model with a more recent date. Many products purchased require a date of manufacture. It can be argued that the older a fridge is, the more likely the deterioration of elements such as seals.
For the benefit of consumers, CHOICE would like to see all appliances clearly labelled with the year of manufacture to ensure that new really means new.
Refrigerants: Good gasses and bad gasses
Energy use aside, in order for a fridge to be environmentally friendly it should contain refrigerants that won't contribute to ozone depletion or global warming. Gases inside a fridge are used as refrigerant (part of the cooling mechanism), and for blowing (aerating and distributing) the insulation, which keeps the compartments cool.
In the past, fridges and freezers used chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) as refrigerants and blowing gases, both of which are ozone-depleting. CFCs are banned in modern fridges and must be captured when an old fridge is recycled, and HCFCs were also phased out in 2020, so it's exceptionally uncommon to find them in fridges on the Australian market.
Manufacturers still use the hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant R134a. HFCs don't deplete the ozone layer but are still active greenhouse gases. A more environmentally sound refrigerant used by more and more manufacturers is R600a (a hydrocarbon called isobutane).
Manufacturers are gradually turning over their fridge ranges to incorporate R600a, a more environmentally friendly refrigerant than R134a. R600a also claims better energy efficiency. One of the downsides of R600a is that it's flammable, unlike R134a; however the small quantities used in refrigeration make this a very low risk.
Our conversations with manufacturers regarding this changeover come with assurances that the design of the fridges have improved to cope with this change.
Stock images: Getty, unless otherwise stated.
